TARI Naliendele is one of the key research centers under the Tanzania Agricultural Research Institute (TARI), strategically located in the southern coastal belt of the Indian Ocean at 10°22′20″S, 40°10′34″E, about 111 meters above sea level in Mtwara Region. The area experiences its main rainfall season from December to May, with light scattered showers occurring between August and October. Despite its deep, well-drained but nutrient-poor sandy soils, the region provides a unique environment for research on cash oil crops and selected root crops. The center serves as the national coordinating center for research on cash oil crops, particularly cashew, sesame, and groundnut, while also conducting studies on cassava and sweet potato. The center’s mandate covers a wide range of disciplines including crop improvement, protection, agronomy, post-harvest management, and technology dissemination. A hallmark of the center’s innovation lies in cashew value addition, where research and processing initiatives have led to the production of diverse products such as cashew apple wine, cashew milk, cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), cashew butter, flour, juice, and animal feed derived from by-products. Through these scientific and technological efforts, TARI Naliendele continues to drive agricultural transformation, promote industrial linkages, and enhance farmers’ livelihoods across Tanzania.